Imane Khelif biological medical report leaked: What is male karyotype?

Imane Khelif , the Algerian boxer who won gold at the 2024 Paris Olympics, found herself in a really complicated and controversial spot. Before her big win, she was disqualified from the 2023 Women’s World Boxing Championships by the International Boxing Association (IBA) because she apparently “failed” a gender eligibility test .

The reason? Reports say she has XY chromosomes, which is usually what biological males have. This condition is linked to something called Swyer syndrome , which is rare and means someone might have XY chromosomes but develop as female.

The whole testing process by the IBA got a lot of criticism for being secretive and unfair. Then the International Olympic Committee (IOC) stepped in, since they were running boxing at the Paris Olympics due to issues with IBA, and cleared her to compete. They said she was born female and holds a female passport—basically, they accepted her identity.

A leaked medical report
A leaked medical report of Imane Khelif from Delhi is going viral. The report says, "chromosome analysis reveals male karyotype . no numerical or structural chromosomal anomalies detected at 450-560 banding resolution."



Now, about this “male karyotype” thing
A karyotype is basically a picture of all your chromosomes, which are tiny structures carrying your DNA. Normally, humans have 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs. Of those pairs, 22 are autosomes (non-sex ones), and the last pair are sex chromosomes. Females usually have two X chromosomes (46,XX), and males have one X and one Y (46,XY). So when they say Imane has a “male karyotype,” it means her chromosomes look like the typical male pattern, 46,XY.

But don’t get it twisted, this doesn’t automatically say anything about her gender identity or how she’s lived her whole life. There are people with intersex variations or conditions like Swyer syndrome who don’t fit into neat male/female boxes just based on chromosomes.

Her chromosomal analysis also showed no numerical or structural anomalies, which means she has the right number of chromosomes and they look structurally normal. This basically rules out other major genetic issues but doesn’t capture everything about gender or biology.


This whole situation shines a light on the tricky topic of sex testing in sports

Many sports organizations want to keep competitions fair, especially in women’s categories, because on average men have physical advantages like higher muscle mass or testosterone. So, they do these tests to confirm who competes where.


But here’s the thing, it can be super invasive and really upsetting for athletes. Imagine having to prove something so personal just to compete in the sport you love. And sex isn’t always straightforward. Some people have natural hormone levels or chromosomes that don’t fit the typical “male” or “female” pattern, and they might get caught up in rules that don’t really account for real-life biology and identity.


Also, sex testing has a rough history, there have been cases where athletes were publicly shamed or outed, which is terrible and damaging.


On the other hand, sports bodies worry that without testing, the playing field won’t be fair. They’re afraid of people pretending to be female to get an advantage. So they argue that testing is necessary, especially in big competitions like the Olympics.


Many experts think there are better ways to handle this than blanket mandatory testing. Some suggest focusing on hormone levels or performance-related factors rather than just chromosomes. Others say it’s about respecting where athletes feel they belong and creating inclusive categories.


At the end of the day, it’s about finding a balance, making sure sports are fair but also respecting athletes’ privacy, identity, and dignity. Mandatory sex testing often feels like treating athletes like suspects instead of competitors, and that’s a tough line to cross.


So, is it ethical? Honestly, it’s complicated. The goal is fairness, but the current system can harm people and miss the full picture of who they are. Maybe it’s time for sports to rethink how they define fairness and inclusion so that everyone can compete with respect and without feeling like they have to prove their identity.