Infant sleep patterns: What's normal and what's not?

Infant sleep patterns can be both puzzling and concerning for new parents. Infants spend the majority of their first months in a sleep state, though their sleep cycles are very different from adults. Newborns sleep between 14 to 17 hours a day but they don’t sleep for long stretches at once. Also, they have no concept of day and night and often mix up their sleep patterns. As they grow older, by 4-6 months of age, they begin to sleep for longer duration (about 6-8 hours) at night along with few daytime naps. Many babies begin learning to self-soothe at 4-6 months and may be able to fall asleep without much help. At the age of 1 year, most infants need between 12 to 14 hours of sleep in total each day.

Newborn's sleep cycle lasts around 50-60 minutes, therefore babies wake up more frequently and they spend about half of their sleep time in REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which is essential for brain development.

Sleep regressions are common at various stages (typically at 4 months, 8 months, and 12 months). These regressions involve temporary disruptions in sleep, often caused by developmental milestones or teething. These are temporary and usually resolve on their own.

As a parent if you notice abnormal symptoms such as excessive sleepiness, trouble breathing, or difficulty feeding, it’s important to take a pediatrician's advice.

Tips for establishing a healthy sleep pattern
1. Establish a bedtime routine: Develop a calming and predictable bedtime routine to help your infant wind down.
2. Create a sleep-friendly environment: Ensure the room is dark, quiet, and at a comfortable temperature.
3. Watch for sleepy cues: Pay attention to your infant's sleepy cues, such as yawning or rubbing their eyes.
4. Avoid overstimulation: Avoid overstimulation before bedtime, such as playing loud music or exposing your infant to bright lights.

Dr. Astha Dayal, Director Obstetrics and Gynecology, CK Birla Hospital Gurgaon, Robotic and Laparoscopic Surgeon